Kwi-mthetho iimeko apho ulwaphulo-mthetho ubizwa punishable yi-akukho ngaphezu ezintandathu iminyaka entolongweni, inkundla iqulathe ezintathu elinolwazi lwabagwebi anesine kubeka ibagwebe bonke ezisixhenxe kuba no votes kwi-izigqiboUkuze convict, amahlanu isixhenxe lwabagwebi kufuneka ivoti kuba conviction.
Nkqu ukuba i-bench ngu ukuphumela ngenxa recusal, yokuba zilawulwe kuba ezintlanu benetyala votes omzimba, njengoko kwakunjalo meko kwi-linge, owaye acquitted emva ezine lwabagwebi voted ukuba convict, ngelixa u-voted ukuba acquit.
Ukubeka lwabagwebi ingaba amalungu karhulumente ngaphandle isemthethweni iinkcukacha, abanyulwe kuba amathuba emine sisixeko kwaye khawunti amabhunga. Xa jury wonyulwa, ishumi elinesine rhoqo kwaye u-usekela-amalungu ababiziweyo, kunye prosecution kwaye nkqo ekukhuseleni ilungelo nako ukususa ukuya kwi-amalungu amabini. Kwi-mthetho iimeko apho ngaphezu ezintandathu iminyaka entolongweni kusenokuba zinikezelwe ukuhla, inkundla iya kuba jury kwishumi abantu igqiba i-guilt, ngokunjalo ezintathu elinolwazi lwabagwebi abo achophele ityala kwaye ufumanise sentencing. Ukuze convict, ubuncinane anesixhenxe jury amalungu kufuneka ivoti kuba conviction. I-verdict ye-jury iqhele yokugqibela, kodwa kusenokuba overturned yi-elinolwazi lwabagwebi abo ke umyalelo a retrial. I-jury indlela omiselwe phantsi criticism ngenxa yokuba akukho sizathu enikwe kuba verdict, kwaye wenziwe ezicetywayo ukutshintshwa nge bench ezintathu elinolwazi lwabagwebi anesithandathu kubeka lwabagwebi. Isininzi epalamente inkxaso ukutshintshwa i-jury indlela, kunye Venstre kuphela iqela ngokucacileyo abaxhasayo ka-ukugcina oko. I-Supreme Inkundla Norway bamele kanjalo kokuqwalasela nokuba jury ndlela kwi-ukwaphulwa komthetho a verdict kwi-European Inkundla Yamalungelo Oluntu apho ifunyenwe le Isitaliyane indlela a ukwaphulwa komthetho yamalungelo oluntu. Isizathu sokuba kwakukho malunga nenkqubo yolawulo olumanyanisiweyo imfuza yokuba acquitted nge kuchazwe isizathu kwi wesithili inkundla, kwaye kwangoko convicted ngaphandle na kuchazwe isizathu kwi-appellate inkundla. Oyintloko prosecutor kwi-Norway, Tor-Aksel Busch, wenziwe ebalulekileyo ye-jury indlela, kwaye pointed ngaphandle inani elikhulu acquittals kwi-rape iimeko njengoko ingxaki, ukususela acquittals ingaba rhoqo ngokusekelwe victim blaming kwaye sympathy kunye defendant. Proponents ye-jury indlela argue ukuba eyona ndlela ukugcina wonke ke inxaxheba koluntu inkundla inkqubo yokukhusela ngokuchasene wrongful convictions, kwaye baphuma ezandleni lwabagwebi. Nkqo ekukhuseleni ilungelo attorneys njenge Sigurd kwaye Frode Sulland kuba defended i-jury indlela.
Sulland argued ukuba ebhekisa acquittal umyinge in rape iimeko njengoko i-isiphumezi-miyalelo abolish i-jury, tantamount ukuba lowering lo mthwalo ka-ubungqina.
Kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni iimeko, inkundla iza iqulathe ezintathu-matyala lwabagwebi, nangona ezimbini okanye ezine kubeka lwabagwebi babe konyulwa kwezinye izihlandlo. Inkundla inkqubo kwi-Norway imihla emva malunga, xa izinto babedalwe njengoko yowiso-mthetho omkhulu abalimi misela imithetho convict abantu breaching kwabo. Ezi engundoqo zinto zazisenziwa Borgarting, Eidsivating, Gulating kwaye Frostating, kodwa abaninzi encinane okkt existed, iinkundla basenokuba wavusa nawuphi na, okanye kwa izinto ezininzi, ukwenza inkungu neenkqubo zomthetho ukuthandabuza kwi iimeko disagreements. Ukususela malunga Ukumkani kuvunyelwe iimeko abe appealed ngqo ukumkani, kuba isigqibo sokugqibela. Isithili iinkundla bemiselwe transitionally ukususela ubudala izinto bygdeting, equlathe nesithandathu okanye elinesibini kubeka lwabagwebi wonyulwa yindlu ukumkani. Kwi, kunye ukususwa i-isinorwegian, inkqubo herredag waba ungeniswa ngamnye ishumi, ezintathu kamva, iminyaka. Oko acted njengoko inkundla isibheno kuba peasants, kwaye isehlo sokuqala kuba nobility. Ezi zinto kuhlangatyezwana nazo kwi-Oslo, Skien, Stavanger, Bergen kwaye Trondheim ukusuka kuphela kwi-Oslo kwaye Bergen. Inkqubo iinkundla kunye kwiimeko, ngoko ke kunjalo basenokuba appealed, waba ungeniswa kwi. Ngexesha lokuqala kwakukho ezine amanqanaba wenkundla Wesithili iinkundla zihleli, kodwa iimeko basenokuba appealed ukuba isibheno lwabagwebi. Ezinye babengayi kuba appealed ukuba herredag, kwaye ngexesha lokugqibela ukuba ukumkani. Kwi, kunye ukungeniswa elililo nobukumkani, supreme inkundla wenziwa kwi-i-copenhagen, ivumela kuphela kwaye isigqibo sokugqibela ukuba kwenziwa ngo inkundla. Ezi zinto zilandelayo kunyaka wesithili iinkundla baba ufakelwa isixeko iinkundla, ukudala kwelinye inqanaba phantsi iinkundla ka-isibheno. Iinkundla ka-isibheno ithathe de, xa babeza isusiwe Kwi- ezine iinkundla eziphezulu babedalwe, ukutshintshwa iinkundla ka-isibheno. Aba baba ebekwe kwi-Christiania (Oslo), Bergen, Kristiansand. Ngowe- baba reorganized kunye nokhukuliseko kuphela ezintathu iinkundla, kunye Kristiansand yokulahla yayo sokugweba. Iinkundla ka-isibheno ithathe de, xa babeza isusiwe Ngexesha elinye iinkundla ka-isibheno baba reintroduced, kwaye ulahlule kwi ezintlanu constitutions. I-iinkundla eziphezulu ahlala kude kube, kodwa baba limited kuphela ukubhalwa umgaqo-nkqubo, xa kuphela oral umgaqo-nkqubo yaba permitted kwi-iinkundla ka-isibheno. Ukongeza, u-amanqanaba kokuba non-ithelekiswa imida, ukwenza isiphithiphithi kwaye i-unnecessary ugqityo. Kunye entsha yokusebenza, inkundla isibheno waba lwesibini inqanaba kuba zonke iimeko zasekuhlaleni, kwaye obunganeno, ulwaphulo-mthetho iimeko, xa baba kuqala inqanaba kuba ezinzima nezimangalo.
Oku itshintshile ngowe- xa yonke imicimbi ayeza lisetyenziswe ngumlawuli wesithili iinkundla kuqala.
