Ukongeza, asibhozo kulutsha iphelelwe - iminyaka (
I-isithai Child Welfare Iinkonzo ingaba uluntu nee-arhente eliphathiswe child welfare kwi-Denmark
Baya consist iinkonzo ngasinye umasipala, eziya aided kwaye supervised yi-ezahluka-governmental imizimba e urhulumente ngokunjalo njengoko khawunti inqanaba.
I-Child Welfare Iinkonzo' statutory obligation ngu 'ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana kwaye ulutsha nabo bahlala kuzo imiqathango ukuba zibe detrimental ukuba impilo yabo kunye nophuhliso kufumana kuyimfuneko uncedo kwaye care ekunene ixesha. Roughly ezintathu bonke abantwana kwi-Norway afumane ezinye khetha ka-komlinganiselo kwi-Child Welfare Iinkonzo, abaninzi kubo ukwimo uncedo amanyathelo umntwana yayo, abazali (ezifana counselling, ingcebiso, wangaphandle inkxaso nabo, ukufikelela day care njl. Malunga omnye kwikota ye-amatyala, abantwana bamele wabeka ngaphandle emakhayeni abo (ikakhulu in foster iintsapho okanye amaziko) emva care ii-odolo.
I-isithai Child Welfare Iinkonzo bemiselwe, kwaye imisebenzi yabo ingaba regulated, yi-Child Welfare Umthetho we, apho sele injongo 'ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana kwaye ulutsha nabo bahlala kuzo imiqathango ukuba zibe detrimental ukuba impilo yabo uphuhliso kufumana kuyimfuneko uncedo kwaye care ekunene ixesha, kwaye 'ukunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana kwaye ulutsha kukhula kwi-bume ekhuselekileyo' superior igunya entsimini ka-child welfare kwi-Norway ngu Kubulungiseleli Abantwana kunye Nolingano.
Kubulungiseleli linoxanduva ukuqulunqa imigaqo nezikhokelo, kodwa asiyiyo abakwicandelo umntu amatyala. Ngamnye isithai umasipala ngu obliged ukuba ingaba Umntwana nentlalo-ntle Iinkonzo. Ezi banoxanduva ngenxa yobulali kwaye ngemini umhla ukuphunyezwa komgaqo-Child Welfare Act (ezifana preventive umsebenzi, uphando, inkxaso inkonzo, ukuvunywa foster iintsapho, ukulandelela abantwana wabeka in foster iintsapho okanye amaziko). Oku 'kamasipala child welfare' aided ngokuthi u-nee-arhente ukuba eyiyo 'governmental child welfare': I-Child Welfare Iinkonzo banoxanduva kuba ukuphumeza amanyathelo kuba abantwana neentsapho zabo kwi-kwiimeko apho kukho othile iimfuno ngokunxulumene ekhaya-bume. Uncedo ibe njengoko kubonelelwe counselling, lomeluleki iinkonzo, kwaye aid amanyathelo, kuquka wangaphandle inkxaso nabo, uncedo amanyathelo ekhaya, kwaye ukufikelela day care. Phantsi izikhokelo ye-isithai Child Welfare Iinkonzo, abantwana anelungelo lokuthatha inxaxheba izigqibo involving zabo personal nentlalo-ntle, kwaye banelungelo urhulumente izimvo zabo ngokungqinelana zabo ubudala kwaye inqanaba maturity. Oku kwenziwa ingakumbi iimeko apho kukho kwezolawulo kunye neenkqubo zomthetho iingxoxo eziza ndivuma kakhulu kuchaphazela abantwana ke ngemini umhla ubomi. I-Child Welfare Iinkonzo ezifunekayo ukuze athabathe inyathelo ukuba amanyathelo uphunyezwe kwi-home-bume akunjalo, kwanele ukuba safeguard umntwana ke ifuna. Kwiindawo ezinjalo iimeko, i-Child Welfare Zenkonzo luhlomle kuwo kunye abazali babe kwindawo abantwana phantsi foster care, kwi-child welfare iziko, okanye angenise ethile, umzali-umntwana amanyathelo. Ukususa umntwana ukusuka ekhaya ngaphandle kwemvume yabazali yi komlinganiselo lokugqibela resort kwi iimeko (justifiable suspicion) ezinzima neglect, maltreatment, udushe, gadalala, ngomntu ebukhobokeni njengoko njalo-njalo. Oku kufuna isigqibo ukususela Khawunti Loluntu nentlalo-ntle Ibhodi kwi isiseko a recommendation linikelwe kamasipala abasemagunyeni. Kwi-urgent iimeko (oko kukuthi imminent ingozi kuba yesitalato okanye mental health umntwana), kamasipala nentlalo-ntle iinkonzo anelungelo (kwaye obliged) mba a provisional care umyalelo. Provisional care ii-odolo kuphelelwa emva kwiiveki ezintandathu ngaphandle kokuba ingaba iqinisekiswa yi-Khawunti Loluntu nentlalo-ntle Ibhodi. Izigqibo athathwa yi-Khawunti Loluntu nentlalo-ntle Ibhodi unakho kuphela kuba overturned yi-iinkundla. Kamasipala Child Welfare Iinkonzo ahlawulelwa kunye nokuhlola uphuhliso lwabantwana ababekho wabeka kwi-care ngaphandle emakhayeni abo ngokunjalo nabazali babo.
Child Welfare Inkonzo abasebenzi ingaba privy ukuba enkulu isixa-mali personal umxhasi ulwazi, kwaye kufuneka athobele imiqathango engqongqo imithetho ukugcina iimfihlo.
Nangona kunjalo, ulwazi babe banikezela kwezinye nee-arhente yolawulo xa oku kuyimfuneko kuba oqhuba umntwana nentlalo-ntle inkonzo imisebenzi. Ngokunxulumene amanani ezibonelelwe ngu-Manani Norway, asibhozo abantwana bafumana amanyathelo ukususela isithai Child Welfare Iinkonzo ekupheleni kowama. isithoba bonke abantwana kwi-Norway wafumana abanye khetha ka-komlinganiselo. Ezi, abalishumi elinesibini baba iphelelwe - eminyaka, amashumi amabini anesithathu - eminyaka, amashumi amathathu - eminyaka, kwaye amathathu anesihlanu - eminyaka. amathandathu ye, asibhozo abantwana bafumana inkxaso amanyathelo ngaphakathi iintsapho zabo.
elinesithandathu wafumana inkxaso amanyathelo ngexesha wabeka ngaphandle emakhayeni abo kunye imvume kwabazali babo.
omnye wabo ubudala iklasi) wafumana ukulandelela care
Kuyo intsalela amabini anesine iimeko, abantwana baba wabeka ngaphandle emakhayeni abo emva care ii-odolo. Le, abantwana abahlala ngaphandle emakhayeni abo ngelizwi end ka, wahlala foster iintsapho, ishumi elinesine baba mdala ngokwaneleyo ukuba kudla ubomi obuphuma kwabo kunye ukulandelela kwi-Child Welfare Iinkonzo, kwaye isibhozo athathwa care ka kwi-amaziko, ngexesha ezintlanu apho okwethutyana wabeka yangasese amakhaya abalindele ezinye izisombululo.
Eyona izizathu amanyathelo (zombini inkxaso amanyathelo kwaye care amanyathelo) ababebizwa lacking parenting lwezakhono, abazali' mental iingxaki, phezulu domestic ungquzulwano inqanaba kwaye abazali' drug misuse.
Ingqokelela yamanani Norway zibonakele ipapashwe amanye amanani ngokunxulumene immigration ubume: ngexesha.
u-bonke abantwana kunye isithai abazali wafumana amanyathelo, ehambelanayo amanani baba.
u-kuba abantwana wazalelwa Norway yi-immigrant abazali. isithoba kuba immigrant abantwana. Yokugqibela yeqela kuquka encinci asylum seekers arriving ngaphandle abazali. I-isithai Child Welfare Iinkonzo ingaba ebalukileyo nomcimbi wonke criticism, ngokubanzi kwi ezimbini engundoqo imiba. Kwesinye isandla, bamele criticised kuba lifumana bambalwa kakhulu iimeko parental neglect kwaye ekuncedeni abantwana kakhulu emva kwexesha (oko kukuthi, kuba ekubeni a eliphezulu kakhulu umda kuba isithethi). Kwesinye isandla, bamele criticised kuba ukuthathela phezu custody kakhulu ngokulula (oko kukuthi, kuba ekubeni kakhulu umda kuba isithethi). Ngenxa yabo umsebenzi ukugcina iimfihlo, isinorwegian Child Welfare Iinkonzo ngokwabo ayikwazi inxaxheba yoluntu debates ka-kanye amatyala. I-isithai Child Welfare Iinkonzo ingaba obliged ukuqinisekisa ukuba kulungile-ntle bonke abantwana residing kwi-Norway, enoba zabo (okanye nabazali babo') nationality. Ngexesha isithai umthetho, ilandelayo ezimanyeneyo Convention on Amalungelo Omntwana, treats abantwana njengoko isemthethweni subjects kowabo amalungelo, abanye cultures meko abantwana njengoko sole luxanduva usapho. Ezininzi iimeko, ke ngoko, inkcubeko clashes ngathi ayixhasi namnye exacerbate iimpikiswano phakathi Child Welfare Iinkonzo kwaye immigrant abazali.
Abantwana kunye langaphandle umama oo-phinda ngo-ngakumbi kusenokwenzeka ukuba kunabanye abantwana kwi-Norway ukuba abe forcibly kuthatyathwa iintsapho zabo kwaye inani abantwana ithathwe kwi-kaxakeka care yenyuka nge amahlanu kwi nje emihlanu nge commonest isizathu a care ukuze ngoku ekubeni ngokulula 'nokungabikho parenting izakhono'.
European Inkundla Yamalungelo Oluntu kuba yi- olwamkelekileyo isibhozo ezahlukeneyo hearings ngokuchasene Norway kuba umsebenzi wayo Child Welfare-arhente ukusukela kweyomnga yowama.
